Reversible one way clutch



Sept. 27, 1966 H. NAGEL REVERSIBLE ONE WAY CLUTCH 4 Sheets-Sheet 1Original Filed June 14, 1962 DEHVERY SIDE RECEIVING SIDE INVENTOR.HERBERT NAGEL ATTO NEY Sept. 27, 1966 H. NAGEL REVERSIBLE ONE WAY CLUTCH4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed June 14, 1962 INVENTOR. HERBERT NAGELATTO NEY Sept. 27, 1966 H. NAGEL 3,275,112

REVERSIBLE ONE WAY CLUTCH Original Filed June 14, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 5INVENTOR. HERBERT NAGEL.

ATTORNEY Sept. 27, 1966 H. NAGEL REVERSIBLE ONE WAY CLUTCH 4Sheets-Sheet 4- Original Filed June 14, 1962 HERBERT NAGEL IN VEN TOR.

Fig, 41

ATTORNEY United States Patent 1 Claim. (Cl. 1921-44) This inventionrelates to printing and more particularly to the branch thereof calledflexography, and to flexographic presses.

The present application is a substitute for my co-pending applicationSerial No. 202,460, filed on June 14, 1962 for Rotary Printing Press,now abandoned, and has a particular reference to a reversibletwo-directional driving connection or clutch mechanism used withparticular advantages in such presses, although it is not limited tosuch use.

Flexographic presses are usually presses of the rotary type used forprinting in one or more colors on a strip of material usually wound intoa roll, which roll is unwound as it passes the press and is wound againafter the printing process is completed. Printing plates of such pressesare usually made of rubber. Various materials may be printed with theuse of such presses, particularly, thin cardboard, paper, and plasticfilm, either in .a single roll layer or in the form of a tube presentinga two layer strip. The strip on which printing is done is termed in theart a web.

The present invention has particular but not exclusive application toprinting a flattened plastic tube such as polyethylene lay flat sleeve,in which printing often has to be done either on one or on both sides ofthe running web. Presses of this nature may have as many as six colorunits and, therefore, may print up to six colors in the same run. If itis necessary to print on both sides of the web, all the colors on oneside of the web are usually printed first, and thereupon one or morecolors on the other side of the web are printed on a separate run.Obviously such a method ties up the press for twice as long a period oftime as is required for printing the web on one side only.

It has been proposed to print both sides of the web during the same runby resetting some of the color units of the press in such a manner thatthe rubber printing plates inked to print on the other side come incontact with the other side of the web. It can be understood that insuch resetting it is necessary to reverse rotation of the roller orcylinder of the color units which are to print on the other side. Suchrequirement necessitates the provision of means within the drivingmechanism to effect such reversal. While such printing has beenpracticed, its application and efficiency have been greatly reduced bythe fact that with flexographic presses used extremely fast drying inks,it is necessary to have its ink rollers run continuously, i.e. withoutstopping in order to prevent the printing ink drying up on such rollers.After the ink dries on the rollers, which may occur within 23 minutes,washing such rollers to remove the dry ink becomes necessary in order toprevent spoilage of considerable amount of material when printing isresumed. It may take'as much as 100 feet of printing for the roller todissolve the dried ink before acceptable printing is reached.

To permit such continuous running of the ink rollers when the web is notrunning and printing is stopped, means 3,275,] 12 Patented Sept. 27,1966 have been provided to disengage the driving connection between theplate carrying cylinder and the ink rollers and to permit the inkrollers to run idle and independently of the other rollers or cylindersas well as other components of the press in order to prevent drying ofthe ink. Such operation of the ink rollers is made possible by the useof a driving connection mechanism associated with the ink transferroller, and usually referred to as a clutch. Such clutch mechanismoperates to drive the roller in one direction but to run idle in theopposite direction.

In the case of a press having, for example, four color units, should itbe desirable to print two colors on one side and two colors on the otherside, it would take only a few minutes to rethread the web on the tworollers which are to print on the other side and to reverse thedirection of their rotation. However, the great difliculty and seriousproblems arise because of the necessity to reverse also the clutchmechanism. Such reversing requires removing the ink transfer roller fromthe press, taking the clutch off the transfer roller shaft, turning itaround, remounting it on the shaft, and putting the ink transfer rollerwith the clutch back in place. This process takes approximately twohours, not only tying up the press for such length of time but producingother serious difiiculties.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improvedmulti-color unit flexographic press, whereby the above difficulties anddisadvantages are overcome and largely eliminated, and whereby the presscan be selectively set or reset for printing on one or both sides of theweb without the necessity of removing the clutch mechanism and partialdisassembly of the color unit or removing the ink transfer unit from themachine and separating the clutch for reversal.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved flexographicpress of the foregoing character in which setting or resetting the pressfor printing on both sides after the press was printing on one side, orfor printing all colors on one side after the press was printing on bothsides, requires only a few minutes of time, with the limiting factor onresuming printing being not in reversing the clutch means butrethreading the web, with the latter operation presenting little or nodiificulties.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improveddriving connection or clutch mechanism adapted to provide a drivingconnection between two shafts in one direction and to automaticallyeliminate such connection and permit independent running of the shaftsin the opposite direction, With such mechanism being reversible by avery simple adjustment quickly made, and to provide after suchadjustment a driving connection in the direction previously permittingfree running and free running in the direction of previous driving.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a clutchmechanism of the above character in which such adjustment can be mademerely by rota-ting for a few degrees a collar provided therein andtightening it in another position, two of such positions being providedin the clutch.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide animproved clutch mechanism of the foregoing character which can beinstalled in various machines and devices requiring such reversal ofoperation, with the clutch mechanism having its adjustment means in sucharrangement or position that their adjustment and reversing operation ofthe machine or device can be done safely, easily, and in only one or twominutes of time.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide animproved clutch mechanism of the foregoing character which is compact,simple and rugged in construction, is dependable in operation andrelatively inexpensive to manufacture.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent fromthe following description and appended claims, reference being had tothe accompanying draw- .ings forming a part of this specification,wherein like on the righthand side (as appearing in FIG. 1) of thepress.

FIG. 2 is a view similar in part of FIG. 1 but showing the webrethreaded .to have the two units appearing on the righthand side insaid figures printing on the same side of the web as the units on thelefthand side, thus having all four units of the press printing on thesame side.

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic elevational view illustrating the arrangementof the cylinders of one color unit.

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the cylinders of onecolor unit and the driving means therefor.

FIG. 5 is a front view partly in section of the twoway reversible clutchinterposed in each color unit between the plate cylinder and the inktransferring cylinder thereof.

FIG. 6 is an end view, partly in section, taken in the direction of thearrows on the section plane passed through the line 66 of FIG. 5

FIG. 7 is an end view, partly in section, taken in the direction ofthearrows on the plane passed through line 77 of FIG. 5, with the pinsof one set wedged in their respective recesses to drive the unit in thedirection indicated in said figure by :an arrow, while the pins of theother set are res-trained by the fingers of the reversing cage memberfrom Wedging into their respective recesses.

FIG. 8 is a view similar in part to FIG. 7 but showing the adjustingcollar of the reversing member moved to another position to reverseoperation of the clutch by moving the fingers thereofto force the pinspreviously wedged in from such wedged-in position to their idlingpositions, and to release the pins previously held in their idlingpositions for wedging in and driving the unit in the opposite direction,i.e. in the direction as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 8.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating the inner rotatable memberseparately.

FIG. 10 is an end view illustrating the free wheeling spacer.

FIG. 11 is a view similar in part to FIG. 7 but showing a modifiedconstruction in which wedge recesses are provided in the outer rotatablemember, rather than in the inner rotatable member as in the constructionof FIGS. 5-10.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows on thesection plane passed through the broken line 12-12 of FIG. 11.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in itsapplication to the details of construction and arrangement of partsillustrated in the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capableof other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in variousways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and ter- 7 4minology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not oflimitation.

In the drawings there is shown, by way of example, a flexographicprinting press embodying the present invention. Referring specifically'to FIGS. 1 and 2, the press illustrated therein comprises a framehaving four color units generally designated by the numerals 21, 22,23,'and 24, opera-tively mounted on said frame 20 on brackets, such asbracket of the unit 21.

The frame 20 of the press is so constructed that itcan receive anypractical number of, brackets such as the bracket 25 for mounting colorunits thereon, such as one, two, three, or four. Furthermore, the frame20 is adapted to receive at its top an extension (not shown) on which,in turn, two additional color units may-be mounted. Although six colorunits so produced represent constructions in which the present inventionis still more advantageous, and which are manufactured in substantialproportion as' compared with presses having a smaller number of colorunits, only a four color unit press is illustrated herein for the sakeof simplicity. It will also be understood that a user of the press maypurchase the same with astandard frame such-as, 20 but only one or twocolor units, and then add unit by unit as his operations may require. Bysuch a construction the necessity of scrapping or otherwise disposing ofa single color unit press when a two unit press is required,

or disposing of a two color unit press when a four color unit press isacquired, and so on, is eliminated.

It shall be understood that the present invention is not limited tomultiple color unit presses but is applicable with equal success .to asingle unit press since it often becomes necessary to reverse operationof such a single unit. I

Referring to FIG. 3, each color unit comprises aplate cylinder 30carrying a printing plate 31 which is usually made of rubber or asuitable rubber-like material and,

cemented on the plate cylinder 30. The thickness of rubber plates isstandardized, presently A5, for the. reasons which will become apparentlater. An ink transfer cylinder 32 is mounted adjacent the platecylinder 30 to transfer ink in proper and even film on the rubber,

plate 31. The ink transferring cylinder 32 has its cylin-.

drical working surface engraved by the use of a photo-engraving process.to provide a large number of small inkwith the desired pressureattained with the aid of adjusting means in the cylinder 30, whereby therubber plate 31 exerts stronger or lighter pressure on the web.

The plate cylinder 30, the impression cylinder 35, and the ink transfercylinder 32 have in operation the same .or equal peripheral speeds inorder to produce frictionless rolling between the cylinder. surfaces,and to eliminate.

rubbing and smearing of the fresh imprints. This is attained by theirdriving gears, mounted on the shafts .of

their respective cylinders, having their respective pitch diametersequal to the respective diameters of theircylindrical surfaces. In otherwords, the pitch diameter of the gear 35g is the same as the diameter ofthe cylinder 35, the pitch diameter of the gear 303 is the same as thediameter' of theplate cylinder 30. plus double. thickness of the rubberplate 31, and the pitch diameter of the gear 32g is the diameter of theengraved cylindrical surface of the ink transfer cylinder 32. On theother hand, it is de.

sired that there be certain rubbing or wiping action between thephoto-engraved surface of the cylinder 32 and .the surface of the inkcylinder 33. Accordingly, the gear 33g-is considerably larger than thepinion 32, thus insuring that the ink transferring cylinder 32 rotatesmuch faster than the ink cylinder 33; and, therefore, in spite of itshaving approximately the same diameter as the ink cylinder 33, thesurface of the ink transferring cylinder 32 overruns the surface of thelower ink cylinder 33.

A pinch roller, such as indicated at 37, cooperates with the impressioncylinder of the unit which is the first to receive the web from thesupply roll, such as the unit 21 in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, such roller 37 isarranged in the unit 22. The purpose of the pinch roller is to provideproper grip and tension on the web in unwinding it from the supply roll.

All of the color units of the press are driven from the central drivegear 40 and large intermediate driving gears 41 and 42. The gear 41meshes with the idler gear 44 driving the color unit 21, and with theidler gear 45 driving the color unit 22. The intermediate gear 42 mesheswith the idler gear 46 driving the color unit 23 and with the idler gear47 driving the color unit 24. The gear 41 has single width. To reversethe color units 21 and 22 the gear 41 may be moved axially inwardly ofthe press to clear the main driving gear 40 also having single Width,but to remain in mesh with gears 44 and 45 which have double width. Toprovide driving connection with the main driving gear 40 in suchcondition, a double width gear 38 mounted on an eccentric is broughtinto mesh with the gear 40 and 41, as shown in FIG. 1a. Presuming thatFIG. 4 illustrates the color unit 21, the idler gear thereof isaccordingly designated by the numeral 44 and .the intermediate gear bythe numeral 41.

In FIG. 2 the central or main driving gear 40 is shown in direct meshwith the intermediate large gears 41 and 42 causing the same to bedriven in the same direction as indicated (clockwise in FIG. 2). Suchdriving is necessary when all four color units print on the same side.On the other hand, when it becomes necessary to reverse the units 21 and22, the gear 41 is taken out of direct mesh.

with the gear 40 and connected therewith through the idler gear 38, asmentioned, reversing rotation of the gear 41, ie causing it to rotatecounter-clockwise as indicated in FIG. 1 and thus reversing thedirection of operation of the color units 21 and 22.

For the sake of clarity of the drawings, .the gear 40 is shown in FIG. 1at a distance from the intermediate gear 41 to make it clear that thereis no direct meshing between the gear 40 and the gear 41 in theoperation of the color units illustrated in said FIG. 1. On the otherhand, in FIG. 2 the gear 40 is shown in direct contact with both gears41 and 42.

It will be understood from examination of FIGS. 1 and '2 that when itbecomes necessary to cause a color unit to print on the opposite sidefrom the side which it was printing before, it is necessary not only toreverse operation of the unit but also to rethread the web through theunit in such a manner that it would be moving in the direction oppositeto that in which it was previously moved, such as down in units 21 and22 in FIG. 2 instead of up as in FIG. 1.

Reversing the direction of operation of the units and rethreading theweb do not present a particularly difficult or time-consuming problem.These operations can be performed within a period from to minutes and,therefore, they do not tie up the press for any substantial period oftime. The main difliculty results from the necessity of disconnectingthe transfer cylinder 32 from the plate cylinder 30 in order to continuerotation of the lower ink cylinder 33 and the ink transferring cylinder32 while the plate cylinder 30 is at rest. Such disconnecting, which hasto be done without losing the registry between the cylinders, iseffected by raising the plate cylinder 30 together with its bearings 50,preferably with the aid of hydraulic means (not shown) by causing thelower portion of the, bearings 50 to move in the slide 51. The cylinder30 is raised only for such a distance as to cause it to lose contactwith the adjacent cylinders but with its gear 30g remaining in half meshwith the gears 32g and 35g. If

the meshing of these gears is not lost, moving the plate cylinder 30down will return these gears in full mesh and into prior registry.

When the cylinder 30 is raised, the ink transfer cylinder 32 and thelower ink cylinder 33 are rotated independently of the plate cylinderfrom the electric motor 53 through a train of gears. The motor 53 isprovided with a reversing switch 54 in order to cause rotation of thecylinders 32 and 33 in the desired direction. Since under suchconditions, the gear 32g, which is a part of the clutch mechanismgenerally indicated by the numeral 60 described in detail below, is inmesh with the gear 30g of the plate cylinder 30 which is stationary, theshaft 55 on which the cylinder 32 is mounted must idle with the clutchmechanism 60.

The direction of idling rotation of the ink transferring cylinder 32 isdetermined by the direction in which the plate cylinder 30 was rotatingprior to its raising. However, when the rotation of the cylinder 30 isreversed for the purposes explained above, it becomes necessary toreverse also operation of the clutch mechanism 60 in order that the samewill drive in the opposite direction and permit free running in thedirection opposite to the direction in which idling was taking placebefore.

In prior presses such reversing of the clutch required removal of theentire ink transfer cylinder such as 32, which is a heavy unit, removingthe motor such as 53 with its gears, removing the clutch 60 from theshaft 55, disassembling it for reversing, reassembling it to reverseposition of some of its components, and remounting the entire clutch onsaid shaft. Such operation in addition to inviting a number of seriousdifficulties explained above, such as subjecting the delicate surface ofthe cylinder 32 to the danger of irreparable damage, also requiresapproximately two hours of time for its completion, tying up the pressfor a considerable portion of the working day, and requiring the serviceof additional personnel of critical skill, which personnel may not beavailable at the printing plant and which must come from the outside.

In accordance with the invention construction of the clutch mechanism 60is such that its reversal can be made in a matter of two or threeminutes by the press operator and merely by loosening a set screw ofthereversing member moving its adjusting color to a new position andtightening it therein, all without otherwise disturbing the clutch orthe press.

The clutch mechanism 60 is constructed in accordance with the presentinvention to operate in two settings. Using the words clockwise andcounter-clockwise for the purposes of description, the function of theclutch mechanism may be stated in the following manner. In one settingthe clutch mechanism provides driving in the clockwise direction andfree running in the counter-clockwise direction. In the other setting,the clutch mechanism provides driving in the counter-clockwise directionand free running in the clockwise direction.

Generally, the clutch mechanism 60 comprises two rotatable coaxiallyarranged members free to rotate one with respect to the other. Automaticmeans are provided adapted to lock these members for driving and tounlock them for free running. Since one such memher is preferablyarranged inside of the other, such members may be termed an outerrotatable member and an inner rotatable member. The inner rotatablemember is usually secured on a shaft. If the outer rotatable member isdriven by some extraneous means for the purpose of driving the shaft onwhich the inner rotatable member is mounted, locking or unlocking therotatable members which cause driving the shaft or permit said shaft torun independently of the outer driving member.

Referring specifically to FIGS. 5-10, the clutch mechanism illustratedtherein comprises 'an inner rotatable member 61 mounted on a shaft 55and suitably secured thereto for rotation therewith, such as with theaid of 7 slots-and-key means as indicated at 63. The inner rotata'blemember 61 is of a hollow cylindrical shape as is best shown in FIG. 9.Into the cylindrical hollow 64 of the inner member 61 is fitted theshaft 55 of'the ink transferring cylinder 32, while over the outercylindrical surface 65 of the inner member 61 is fitted the outerrotatable member-66. On the periphery of the member 66 there is provideda plurality'of gear teeth to form a gear 32g as mentioned above for thepurpose of driving connection with gear 30g of the plate cylinder 30.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. -10, the outerrotatable member is of an articulated construction and includes thesecond outer rotatable member 67 having gear teeth 68 provided aroundits periphery. The member 67 is of a diiferent diameter than the member,66, thus providing, in effect, a second gear also operable by theinner'member 61. It will be understood, however, that the addition ofthe second gear pora tion in the clutch mechanism 60 is for the purposeof the press disclosed herein and that only one or more'than two gearportions for purposes of other devices utilizing my improved clutch maybe provided. a

In the outer cylindrical surface 65 of the inner member 61 there areprovided two sets of recesses, with the recesses of each set convergingin the same direction but opposite to the direction in which all of therecesses of the other set converge. Referring particularly to FIGS. 7-9recesses 70 and 71 converge or point in clockwise direction, while therecesses 72 and 73 converge or point in counter-clockwise direction. Inthe recesses 70 and 71 there are provided driving pins 70p and 71p,while driving pins 72p and 73p are provided in recesses 72 and.

.73, respectively. Compression springs 70s, 71s, 72s and 73s housed inthe cylindrical recesses provided in the end walls of the respectivewedge recesses operate to force their respective pins 70, 71, 72,.and 73to roll and wedge in the converging recess, thereby locking the innermember 61 to the outer member 66 for rotation. a

A reversing cage member includes front plate 77 and back plate 78 andtwo sets of fingers inbetween. One set comprises fingers 80 and 81 andthe other set fingers 82 and 83. The cage member is arranged to havesaid fingers pass through the wedging recesses, as'illustrated. The cagemember togetherwith its plates 77 and 78 is free to rotate on the shaft55 with respect to the inner member 61 as much as is permitted by thescrews 85 passing through the elongated recesses 86 provided in theinner member 61. By tightening the screws 85, the cage member togetherwith its fingers is fixed with respect to the inner member 61 in eitherof the two eX- treme positions, with the screws 85 being at one of thetwo ends of the recess 86. The fingers 80 and 81 are so oifset withrespect to fingers 82 and 83 that when the fingers 80 and 81 bear on thepins 70p and 71p, pressing them in opposition to the springs 70s and 71stoward the back walls of the recesses 70 and 71 they prevent the pins70p and 71p from wedging into said recesses and providing drivingconnection in the clockwise direction (see FIG. 7). At ,the same time,the fingers 82 and 83 are disposed away from the pins 72p and 73ppermitting said pins to run and to wedge into their recesses 72 and 73to provide a driving connection between the members 66 and 61 fordriving the member 61 and the shaft 55 in the clockwise direction. Onthe other hand, when the, cage member is moved into the positionillustrated in FIG. 8, the fingers 80 move forward toward the convergingends of the recesses 70 and 71 permitting the pins 70p and71p,previously restrained,

82 and 83 force the pins 72p and 73p toward the back between themembers66 and 61 in the clockwise direc- I tion., 7

Since the clutch. mechanism 60 illustrated .in FIGS.

5-10 includes two outer members 66 and 67 both opera able from thesingle inner member 61, but for different purposes, eachof the recessesof the inner member 61 is provided with two driving .pins placedcoaxially end to end as is best shown in FIG. 5 wherein one suchadditional pin is designated by the numeral 7l In order to provide abalanced construction, each pin is urged in the wedging direction by twosprings. Thus, there are four springs in each recess. A separatingcollar 90 disposed between the outer. members and 67 is provided inorder ,toprevent direct contact between said outer members. ter' of theseparating collar 90 engage the fingers of the cage member and,therefore, cause said separating collar 90 to rotate with the innerdriving member 61.

Theclutch member illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12' and generallydesignated by thenumera-l is of a modified construction. tion of members60 and 95 is in the provision of Wedge recesses in member 95 in theouter driving member rather than in the inner driving member, and inhaving only a single outer driving member 96. The inner member 97 hasunbroken outer cylindrical surface and is keyed to the shaft 55.Operation of the driving pins randicage member as well as of the cagemember adjusting means is similar to that of the construction of FIGS;5--10. However, for the sake of simplicity two springs urging thedriving pins in opposite directions, such as springs 70s and 73s of theconstruction of FIGS. 5-10, have been replaced in the construction ofFIGS. 11 and 12, by a single spring 98 disposed in a groove formed inthe outer member 96. I

It will now be seen in ;view of the foregoing that for the purposes ofreversing operation of the clutch mem-' ber such as 60 or 95 it is onlynecessary to loosen'its set screw and move the cage through a smallangle determined by the recesses such as 86 and tightening the cagemember in a new position. After such an adjustment the clutch memberwill drive and afford free running in the directions opposite to thosein which it operated prior to the adjustment.

By virtue of the above disclosed constructions the objects of thepresent invention listed above and numerous additional advantages areattained.

I claim:

In a clutch mechanism, a rotatable outermember having a centralcylindrical recess and a rotatable inner member operatively arrangedwithin said recess to have its outer surface adjacent the innercylindrical walls of the cylindrical recess, said inner member beingprovided in its outer surface with an even plurality of wedge recesses,one-half of said recesses pointing in one direction with respect tomember rotation and the other half in the opposite direction, acorresponding plurality of driving pins operativelyarranged insaidrecesses, said pins having diameter smaller than the greatest depth ofsaid recesses, a reversing member associated with said.

inner member and having a corresponding plurality of fingers projectinginto said recesses in front of'said driving pins in such positions thatin one positionof the reversing member the driving pinsin one half ofthe M recesses are free to move into their respective wedging-inpositions between the inner and the outer member for drivinglyconnecting the same while the driving pins of the other half of therecesses are held by their respective fingers back at their respectiveidling positions, with said Lugs 91 projecting radially toward the cen-.

An important difierencein the construc-.

reversing member being adapted to be moved and fixed in another positionrelative to the inner member, at which position the fingers thatpreviously held half of the pins in their respective idling positionsmove to allow said pins to wedge in for driving in the oppositedirection while the remaining fingers move their respective pins in theidling position, the reversing member comprising a pair of annularplates mounted adjacent the ends of the inner members, screws spacedfrom said fingers and extending through axially extending passages inthe inner member, the diameter of each passage being greater than thediameter of each screw in a circumferential direction relative to theaxis of the clutch mechanism, said screws secured to said plates so .asto maintain said plates in engagement References Cited by the ExaminerUNITED STATES PATENTS 247,669 9/1881 Mallet et a1.

275,388 4/1883 Huyck 192-44 1,136,821 4/1915 Loomis 19244 2,435,7912/1948 Luehrs 10l-180 2,844,095 7/1958 Harless 101180 2,865,228 12/1958Weismann 192-44 X FOREIGN PATENTS 13,316 6/1899 Great Britain.

DAVID J. WILLIAMOWSKY, Primary Examiner.

with opposite ends of said inner member, and said fingers 15 ROBERTPULFREY BENJAMIN WYCHE extending between and secured to said plates.

J. R. FISHER, Assistant Examiners.

